Performance Leaderboard
Average Rank and Top-5 Count for all 30 EEG-FMs and 25 supervised baselines, reported separately for bipolar and non-bipolar EEG settings.
55models
20,000+ evaluations55 models
| Model | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | Parameters ? | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | EEG foundation modelREVE · BaseIMT Atlantique | 8.8Within-subject average rank 6.9, Cross-subject average rank 11.2, Top-5 Count 42, Within-subject Top-5 Count 27, Cross-subject Top-5 Count 15, Parameters 69M | 6.9 | 11.2 | 42 | 27 | 15 | 69M |
| 2 | EEG foundation modelST-EEGFormer · SmallKU Leuven | 9.2Within-subject average rank 7.3, Cross-subject average rank 11.8, Top-5 Count 28, Within-subject Top-5 Count 18, Cross-subject Top-5 Count 10, Parameters 32.7M | 7.3 | 11.8 | 28 | 18 | 10 | 32.7M |
| 3 | EEG foundation modelLEADCharlotte | 9.7Within-subject average rank 7.5, Cross-subject average rank 12.4, Top-5 Count 27, Within-subject Top-5 Count 18, Cross-subject Top-5 Count 9, Parameters 3.41M | 7.5 | 12.4 | 27 | 18 | 9 | 3.41M |
| 4 | EEG foundation modelHEAR · LargePolyU | 12.9Within-subject average rank 13.0, Cross-subject average rank 12.7, Top-5 Count 10, Within-subject Top-5 Count 2, Cross-subject Top-5 Count 8, Parameters 6.1M | 13.0 | 12.7 | 10 | 2 | 8 | 6.1M |
| 5 | EEG foundation modelUni-DMFM · BaseFZU | 13.2Within-subject average rank 10.6, Cross-subject average rank 16.4, Top-5 Count 39, Within-subject Top-5 Count 29, Cross-subject Top-5 Count 10, Parameters 29.4M | 10.6 | 16.4 | 39 | 29 | 10 | 29.4M |
| 6 | EEG foundation modelLUNA · BaseETH Zurich | 15.2Within-subject average rank 14.4, Cross-subject average rank 16.1, Top-5 Count 6, Within-subject Top-5 Count 3, Cross-subject Top-5 Count 3, Parameters 7M | 14.4 | 16.1 | 6 | 3 | 3 | 7M |
| 7 | EEG foundation modelHEAR · BasePolyU | 15.3Within-subject average rank 16.3, Cross-subject average rank 14.2, Top-5 Count 6, Within-subject Top-5 Count 1, Cross-subject Top-5 Count 5, Parameters 3.1M | 16.3 | 14.2 | 6 | 1 | 5 | 3.1M |
| 8 | EEG foundation modelLUNA · LargeETH Zurich | 15.3Within-subject average rank 14.6, Cross-subject average rank 16.2, Top-5 Count 5, Within-subject Top-5 Count 3, Cross-subject Top-5 Count 2, Parameters 43M | 14.6 | 16.2 | 5 | 3 | 2 | 43M |
| 9 | Supervised baselineU-SleepCopenhagen | 15.7Within-subject average rank 14.8, Cross-subject average rank 16.9, Top-5 Count 5, Within-subject Top-5 Count 3, Cross-subject Top-5 Count 2 | 14.8 | 16.9 | 5 | 3 | 2 | |
| 10 | Supervised baselineEEGNeXLeibniz Hannover | 16.7Within-subject average rank 16.8, Cross-subject average rank 16.5, Top-5 Count 14, Within-subject Top-5 Count 9, Cross-subject Top-5 Count 5 | 16.8 | 16.5 | 14 | 9 | 5 | |
| 11 | Supervised baselineShallowConvNetFreiburg | 18.1Within-subject average rank 16.0, Cross-subject average rank 20.7, Top-5 Count 13, Within-subject Top-5 Count 8, Cross-subject Top-5 Count 5 | 16.0 | 20.7 | 13 | 8 | 5 | |
| 12 | EEG foundation modelEEGMambaZJU | 18.4Within-subject average rank 18.3, Cross-subject average rank 18.5, Top-5 Count 5, Within-subject Top-5 Count 1, Cross-subject Top-5 Count 4, Parameters 3.3M | 18.3 | 18.5 | 5 | 1 | 4 | 3.3M |
| 13 | Supervised baselineSleepEEGNetNorthern Arizona | 19.4Within-subject average rank 18.0, Cross-subject average rank 21.2, Top-5 Count 8, Within-subject Top-5 Count 5, Cross-subject Top-5 Count 3 | 18.0 | 21.2 | 8 | 5 | 3 | |
| 14 | Supervised baselineSleepTransformerQueen Mary | 19.6Within-subject average rank 20.9, Cross-subject average rank 18.0, Top-5 Count 13, Within-subject Top-5 Count 6, Cross-subject Top-5 Count 7 | 20.9 | 18.0 | 13 | 6 | 7 | |
| 15 | EEG foundation modelCSBrainShanghai AI Lab | 21.2Within-subject average rank 19.3, Cross-subject average rank 23.6, Top-5 Count 13, Within-subject Top-5 Count 8, Cross-subject Top-5 Count 5, Parameters 4.9M | 19.3 | 23.6 | 13 | 8 | 5 | 4.9M |
| 16 | Supervised baselineCTNetJimei | 21.3Within-subject average rank 23.0, Cross-subject average rank 19.1, Top-5 Count 2, Within-subject Top-5 Count 0, Cross-subject Top-5 Count 2 | 23.0 | 19.1 | 2 | 0 | 2 | |
| 17 | Supervised baselineDeepSleepNetImperial | 21.4Within-subject average rank 20.7, Cross-subject average rank 22.4, Top-5 Count 1, Within-subject Top-5 Count 1, Cross-subject Top-5 Count 0 | 20.7 | 22.4 | 1 | 1 | 0 | |
| 18 | EEG foundation modelNeuroRVQImperial | 21.5Within-subject average rank 18.6, Cross-subject average rank 25.3, Top-5 Count 32, Within-subject Top-5 Count 22, Cross-subject Top-5 Count 10, Parameters 5.9M | 18.6 | 25.3 | 32 | 22 | 10 | 5.9M |
| 19 | EEG foundation modelST-EEGFormer · BaseKU Leuven | 21.7Within-subject average rank 22.0, Cross-subject average rank 21.3, Top-5 Count 13, Within-subject Top-5 Count 8, Cross-subject Top-5 Count 5, Parameters 110.9M | 22.0 | 21.3 | 13 | 8 | 5 | 110.9M |
| 20 | EEG foundation modelREVE · LargeIMT Atlantique | 21.7Within-subject average rank 22.7, Cross-subject average rank 20.4, Top-5 Count 8, Within-subject Top-5 Count 5, Cross-subject Top-5 Count 3, Parameters 408M | 22.7 | 20.4 | 8 | 5 | 3 | 408M |
| 21 | Supervised baselineBiDANNSoutheast U. | 21.8Within-subject average rank 18.7, Cross-subject average rank 25.8, Top-5 Count 3, Within-subject Top-5 Count 1, Cross-subject Top-5 Count 2 | 18.7 | 25.8 | 3 | 1 | 2 | |
| 22 | Supervised baselineEEGConformerTsinghua | 22.2Within-subject average rank 22.5, Cross-subject average rank 21.7, Top-5 Count 7, Within-subject Top-5 Count 2, Cross-subject Top-5 Count 5 | 22.5 | 21.7 | 7 | 2 | 5 | |
| 23 | Supervised baselineATCNetKSU | 22.6Within-subject average rank 26.1, Cross-subject average rank 18.0, Top-5 Count 6, Within-subject Top-5 Count 1, Cross-subject Top-5 Count 5 | 26.1 | 18.0 | 6 | 1 | 5 | |
| 24 | EEG foundation modelCBraModZJU | 23.5Within-subject average rank 20.9, Cross-subject average rank 26.9, Top-5 Count 29, Within-subject Top-5 Count 18, Cross-subject Top-5 Count 11, Parameters 4M | 20.9 | 26.9 | 29 | 18 | 11 | 4M |
| 25 | EEG foundation modelCodeBrainNUS | 23.7Within-subject average rank 21.2, Cross-subject average rank 26.9, Top-5 Count 14, Within-subject Top-5 Count 8, Cross-subject Top-5 Count 6, Parameters 15.2M | 21.2 | 26.9 | 14 | 8 | 6 | 15.2M |
| 26 | Supervised baselineIFNetZJU | 24.0Within-subject average rank 26.9, Cross-subject average rank 20.2, Top-5 Count 5, Within-subject Top-5 Count 0, Cross-subject Top-5 Count 5 | 26.9 | 20.2 | 5 | 0 | 5 | |
| 27 | Supervised baselineEEGInceptionERPUVa | 24.3Within-subject average rank 26.3, Cross-subject average rank 21.6, Top-5 Count 3, Within-subject Top-5 Count 0, Cross-subject Top-5 Count 3 | 26.3 | 21.6 | 3 | 0 | 3 | |
| 28 | EEG foundation modelNeuroGPTUSC | 24.8Within-subject average rank 23.0, Cross-subject average rank 27.0, Top-5 Count 6, Within-subject Top-5 Count 4, Cross-subject Top-5 Count 2, Parameters 79.5M | 23.0 | 27.0 | 6 | 4 | 2 | 79.5M |
| 29 | EEG foundation modelLaBraMSJTU | 24.8Within-subject average rank 27.2, Cross-subject average rank 21.8, Top-5 Count 3, Within-subject Top-5 Count 0, Cross-subject Top-5 Count 3, Parameters 5.8M | 27.2 | 21.8 | 3 | 0 | 3 | 5.8M |
| 30 | Supervised baselineSlimSeizLeiden | 25.4Within-subject average rank 25.5, Cross-subject average rank 25.2, Top-5 Count 5, Within-subject Top-5 Count 2, Cross-subject Top-5 Count 3 | 25.5 | 25.2 | 5 | 2 | 3 | |
| 31 | Supervised baselineTMSA-NetYunnan | 25.8Within-subject average rank 26.0, Cross-subject average rank 25.6, Top-5 Count 3, Within-subject Top-5 Count 0, Cross-subject Top-5 Count 3 | 26.0 | 25.6 | 3 | 0 | 3 | |
| 32 | EEG foundation modelEEGPTHIT | 25.8Within-subject average rank 23.1, Cross-subject average rank 29.5, Top-5 Count 11, Within-subject Top-5 Count 10, Cross-subject Top-5 Count 1, Parameters 25.3M | 23.1 | 29.5 | 11 | 10 | 1 | 25.3M |
| 33 | Supervised baselineFBCNetNTU | 26.4Within-subject average rank 28.0, Cross-subject average rank 24.4, Top-5 Count 0, Within-subject Top-5 Count 0, Cross-subject Top-5 Count 0 | 28.0 | 24.4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| 34 | Supervised baselineTSceptionNTU | 27.3Within-subject average rank 25.6, Cross-subject average rank 29.6, Top-5 Count 3, Within-subject Top-5 Count 1, Cross-subject Top-5 Count 2 | 25.6 | 29.6 | 3 | 1 | 2 | |
| 35 | EEG foundation modelLUNA · HugeETH Zurich | 27.7Within-subject average rank 28.1, Cross-subject average rank 27.1, Top-5 Count 2, Within-subject Top-5 Count 0, Cross-subject Top-5 Count 2, Parameters 311M | 28.1 | 27.1 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 311M |
| 36 | Supervised baselineDeepConvNetFreiburg | 28.6Within-subject average rank 31.0, Cross-subject average rank 25.6, Top-5 Count 3, Within-subject Top-5 Count 1, Cross-subject Top-5 Count 2 | 31.0 | 25.6 | 3 | 1 | 2 | |
| 37 | EEG foundation modelSleepFM · UpstreamStanford | 28.6Within-subject average rank 26.9, Cross-subject average rank 30.8, Top-5 Count 2, Within-subject Top-5 Count 2, Cross-subject Top-5 Count 0, Parameters 4.83M | 26.9 | 30.8 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 4.83M |
| 38 | Supervised baselineMSCFormerJimei | 28.9Within-subject average rank 32.0, Cross-subject average rank 24.9, Top-5 Count 2, Within-subject Top-5 Count 0, Cross-subject Top-5 Count 2 | 32.0 | 24.9 | 2 | 0 | 2 | |
| 39 | EEG foundation modelTFM · CHB-MITIllinois | 29.9Within-subject average rank 31.8, Cross-subject average rank 27.3, Top-5 Count 2, Within-subject Top-5 Count 1, Cross-subject Top-5 Count 1, Parameters 1.89M | 31.8 | 27.3 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1.89M |
| 40 | EEG foundation modelSleepFM · Sleep StagingStanford | 30.0Within-subject average rank 29.0, Cross-subject average rank 31.2, Top-5 Count 5, Within-subject Top-5 Count 2, Cross-subject Top-5 Count 3, Parameters 6.12M | 29.0 | 31.2 | 5 | 2 | 3 | 6.12M |
| 41 | EEG foundation modelST-EEGFormer · LargeKU Leuven | 30.4Within-subject average rank 31.3, Cross-subject average rank 29.2, Top-5 Count 5, Within-subject Top-5 Count 4, Cross-subject Top-5 Count 1, Parameters 328.4M | 31.3 | 29.2 | 5 | 4 | 1 | 328.4M |
| 42 | EEG foundation modelSleepGPT · LargePKU | 30.4Within-subject average rank 31.3, Cross-subject average rank 29.3, Top-5 Count 2, Within-subject Top-5 Count 1, Cross-subject Top-5 Count 1, Parameters 134M | 31.3 | 29.3 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 134M |
| 43 | Supervised baselineEEGNetARL | 30.5Within-subject average rank 34.1, Cross-subject average rank 26.0, Top-5 Count 1, Within-subject Top-5 Count 0, Cross-subject Top-5 Count 1 | 34.1 | 26.0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | |
| 44 | EEG foundation modelmdJPTSUSTech | 31.2Within-subject average rank 34.4, Cross-subject average rank 27.2, Top-5 Count 6, Within-subject Top-5 Count 0, Cross-subject Top-5 Count 6, Parameters 1M | 34.4 | 27.2 | 6 | 0 | 6 | 1M |
| 45 | Supervised baselineDBConformerHUST | 31.6Within-subject average rank 33.3, Cross-subject average rank 29.4, Top-5 Count 0, Within-subject Top-5 Count 0, Cross-subject Top-5 Count 0 | 33.3 | 29.4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| 46 | EEG foundation modelSleepFM · DiagnosisStanford | 32.2Within-subject average rank 32.7, Cross-subject average rank 31.5, Top-5 Count 5, Within-subject Top-5 Count 1, Cross-subject Top-5 Count 4, Parameters 5.8M | 32.7 | 31.5 | 5 | 1 | 4 | 5.8M |
| 47 | Supervised baselineEEGWaveNetVISTEC | 35.8Within-subject average rank 35.9, Cross-subject average rank 35.7, Top-5 Count 0, Within-subject Top-5 Count 0, Cross-subject Top-5 Count 0 | 35.9 | 35.7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| 48 | Supervised baselineMSVTNetCQUPT | 36.6Within-subject average rank 37.9, Cross-subject average rank 34.8, Top-5 Count 0, Within-subject Top-5 Count 0, Cross-subject Top-5 Count 0 | 37.9 | 34.8 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| 49 | EEG foundation modelBENDRU of T | 36.8Within-subject average rank 37.2, Cross-subject average rank 36.3, Top-5 Count 1, Within-subject Top-5 Count 1, Cross-subject Top-5 Count 0, Parameters 157M | 37.2 | 36.3 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 157M |
| 50 | Supervised baselineYASAUC Berkeley | 40.4Within-subject average rank 42.2, Cross-subject average rank 38.1, Top-5 Count 0, Within-subject Top-5 Count 0, Cross-subject Top-5 Count 0 | 42.2 | 38.1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| 51 | Supervised baselineADFCNNMacau | 40.5Within-subject average rank 41.6, Cross-subject average rank 39.1, Top-5 Count 0, Within-subject Top-5 Count 0, Cross-subject Top-5 Count 0 | 41.6 | 39.1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| 52 | Supervised baselineHSLTUSST | 42.8Within-subject average rank 44.2, Cross-subject average rank 41.0, Top-5 Count 0, Within-subject Top-5 Count 0, Cross-subject Top-5 Count 0 | 44.2 | 41.0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| — | EEG foundation modelBIOT · Prest 16chIllinois | —Within-subject average rank —, Cross-subject average rank —, Top-5 Count —, Within-subject Top-5 Count —, Cross-subject Top-5 Count —, Parameters 3.3M | — | — | — | — | — | 3.3M |
| — | EEG foundation modelBIOT · SHHS Prest 18chIllinois | —Within-subject average rank —, Cross-subject average rank —, Top-5 Count —, Within-subject Top-5 Count —, Cross-subject Top-5 Count —, Parameters 3.3M | — | — | — | — | — | 3.3M |
| — | EEG foundation modelBIOT · Six Datasets 18chIllinois | —Within-subject average rank —, Cross-subject average rank —, Top-5 Count —, Within-subject Top-5 Count —, Cross-subject Top-5 Count —, Parameters 3.3M | — | — | — | — | — | 3.3M |


